Amirhesam Alirezaei
1, Hassan Argani
1*, Masoumeh Asgharpour
2, Ayad Bahadorimonfared
3, Mahmood Bakhtiyari
4,51 Clinical Research and Development Center at Shahid Modarres Hospital, Department of Nephrology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
2 Department of Nephrology, Rouhani Hospital of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
3 Department of Health & Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
4 Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
5 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Abstract
Allopurinol is an inhibitor of xanthine oxidase (XO) enzyme. This drug is a reducer of uric acid in the body and one of the golden drugs with worldwide administration. XO is an important biological source of free radical generation. Allopurinol as an antioxidant, has direct and indirect antioxidant activity on these free radicals such as hydroxyl radical and superoxide anion. The purpose of this paper is to determine the impact of allopurinol on some aspects of renal disturbances such as renal ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI), nephrotoxicity and contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN).
Implication for health policy/practice/research/medical education:
Findings of this review show that treatment with allopurinol as a purine inhibitor of xanthine oxidase enzyme can decrease oxidative stress and uric acid levels and may help to restore the endothelial function and slow down the progression of renal disorder to end stage renal disease.
Please cite this paper as: Alirezaei A, Argani H, Asgharpour M, Bahadorimonfared A, Bakhtiyari M. An update on allopurinol and kidney failure; new trend for an old drug. J Renal Inj Prev. 2017;6(4):297-302. DOI: 10.15171/jrip.2017.57.