Nickan Research Institute Journal of Renal Injury Prevention 2345-2781 6 4 2017 12 01 Comparing the efficacy of desmopressin and oxybutynin combination therapy and desmopressin monotherapy in children with primary nocturnal enuresis; a randomized clinical trial 259 263 10.15171/jrip.2017.49 EN Yalda Ravanshad Anoush Azarfar Afshin Ghalegolab-Behbahan Fakhrosadat Mortazavi Sonia Ahmadzadeh Fereshteh Ghorat Samira Foji Elham Iziy Marjan Vejdan Journal Article 10.15171/jrip.2017.49 Introduction: Nocturnal enuresis is known as the most common developmental problems of childhood which has often a familial basis. It is usually benign and gradually disappears with age. Objectives: This study was conducted on children with primary nocturnal enuresis to compare the efficacy of desmopressin and oxybutynin combination therapy with desmopressin monotherapy. Patients and Methods: This clinical trial was conducted on 59 patients (age range; 5 to 15 years) with primary nocturnal enuresis who had referred to our center in Tabriz in 2012. The participants were divided into two groups as group 1 (30 participants) and group 2 (29 subjects). For three months, one group received desmopressin and oxybutynin and the other group received desmopressin alone. Descriptive statistics (mean ± SD and frequency) and chi-square test was conducted. Results: In the group treated only with desmopressin, 72.4% of the participants were completely cured in 1 month and 44.8% in 3 months. In the group treated with combination of desmopressin and oxybutynin, 83.34% were cured in 1 month and 86.7% in 3 months. Conclusion: Desmopressin and oxybutynin combination therapy is more effective than desmopressin monotherapy for treating children with enuresis.