Nickan Research Institute Journal of Renal Injury Prevention 2345-2781 14 2 2025 06 01 The aquaporin 5 promoter polymorphism and cytomegalovirus infection in kidney transplant recipients e38389 e38389 10.34172/jrip.2025.38389 EN Samira Matin Shahram Ghiasvand https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7786-7989 Negin Farzamikia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3970-4078 Amin Bagheri https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0361-6022 Seyyedeh Mina Hejazian https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9154-9581 Mehdi Haghi https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8400-4209 Sepideh Zununi Vahed https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0179-4562 Mohammadreza Ardalan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6851-5460 Journal Article 10.34172/jrip.2025.38389 2024 09 01 2024 11 02 Introduction: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is a significant complication in kidney transplant recipients, impacting graft function and overall patient outcomes. Aquaporin 5 (AQP5) is a transmembrane channel that regulates renal function and impacts important mechanisms of immune cell migration and inflammation. Objectives: This research aimed to evaluate the impact of AQP5 polymorphism (-1364A/C) on the risk of CMV infection in kidney transplant recipients. Patients and Methods: One-hundred kidney transplant recipients were included in this study, divided into two groups; CMV+-positive (n=50) and CMV– -negative (n=50) patients. Additionally, a control group of 50 healthy individuals was included. The frequency of the AQP5 (-1364A/C) gene polymorphism was determined using the ARMS-PCR technique. Results: About 26% and 16% of patients in the CMV+ and CMV- groups experienced acute rejection after renal transplantation, respectively (P=0.220). The CC genotype of AQP5 (-1364A/C) polymorphism was present in 8% (n=4) of CMV+ and 4% (n=2) of CMV- recipients (4%); however, it was not observed in the control group (P=0.354). Conclusion: The results revealed that carrying at least one C-allele of the AQP5 1364A/C polymorphism (AC or CC genotypes) does not have a significant association with the incidence or presence of CMV infection in kidney transplant patients.