Nickan Research Institute Journal of Renal Injury Prevention 2345-2781 15 2 2026 06 01 Relationship between acute kidney injury and mortality in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; a systematic review and meta-analysis e38743 e38743 10.34172/jrip.2026.38743 EN Zahra Habibi Dastenae https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4279-9696 Parisa Javadian https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8530-6521 Journal Article 10.34172/jrip.2026.38743 2026 01 30 2026 04 04 Introduction: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is recognized as the third leading cause of death globally. On the other hand, patients with COPD who have comorbidities have increased length of hospital stay, mortality, and healthcare costs. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the association between acute kidney injury (AKI) and mortality risk in patients with COPD. Materials and Methods: This study was designed the assistance of the PRISMA guideline. To achieve this, data were searched and collected from Cochrane, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and PubMed databases, as well as the Google Scholar search engine, up to January 1, 2026. The authors used STATA 14 software for statistical analysis of the data. Results: In general, higher mortality rates are observed in patients with AKI and COPD compared to patients with COPD without AKI (OR: 3.30, 95% CI: 2.40, 4.53). In China (OR: 4.13, 95%: 1.72, 9.94), UK (OR: 1.80, 95% CI: 1.60, 2.02), USA (OR: 2.36, 95% CI: 2.12, 2.63), and Italy (OR: 3.85, 95% CI: 2.87, 5.15), patients with COPD and AKI had higher mortality compared to patients with COPD and without AKI. Additionally, the risk of mortality in patients with COPD and AKI whose mean age was less than 75 years (OR: 2.09, 95% CI: 1.67, 2.62) was lower than in patients who were 75 years or older (OR: 2.91, 95% CI: 1.80, 4.71). Conclusion: Patients with AKI and COPD face higher mortality rates than patients without AKI, and these rates rise with increasing age. Geographically, the highest mortality rate was reported in China. Registration: This study has been compiled based on the PRISMA checklist, and its protocol was registered on the PROSPERO (ID: CRD420261294995).