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Submitted: 26 Sep 2019
Accepted: 07 Nov 2019
ePublished: 27 Nov 2019
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J Renal Inj Prev. 2020;9(1): e01.
doi: 10.15171/jrip.2020.01

Scopus ID: 85085926256
  Abstract View: 2490
  PDF Download: 1257

Original Article

Non-neoplastic pathologic findings in nephrectomy specimens; postoperative renal insufficiency and outcomes

Nathan M Shaw 1* ORCID logo, Frank C. Hill 1, Lauren Bakios 1, Jayashree Krishnan 2 ORCID logo, Krishnan Venkatesan 3 ORCID logo, Mohan Verghese 3

1 Department of Urology, MEDSTAR Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
2 Department of Pathology, MEDSTAR Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC, USA
3 Department of Urology, MEDSTAR Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC, USA
*Corresponding Author: Email: Nathan.M.Shaw@gunet.georgetown.edu

Abstract

Introduction: Incidence of renal masses has increased with increased abdominal imagings. The trend in treatment of renal masses has been toward renal preserving options, including surveillance, ablation and partial nephrectomy.

Objectives: To determine the frequency of medical renal disease in patients undergoing surgical intervention for renal neoplasms and to establish whether these pathologic changes predict development of renal insufficiency in the immediate postoperative period.

Patients and Methods: This was an Institutional Review Board (IRB)-approved retrospective review of all patients that underwent radical nephrectomy (RN), partial nephrectomy and nephroureterectomy from December 2009 to November 2013. Around 225 patients had complete pathologic and perioperative data for analysis. We compared preoperative and postoperative glomerular filtration rate (GFR), neoplastic findings, tumor characteristics (positive margins and extracapsular extension), and pathology information regarding non- neoplastic findings (tubular atrophy, chronic inflammation and fibrosis).

Results: The presence of any pathologic abnormalities in the non-neoplastic renal parenchyma was significantly associated with increased serum creatinine levels postoperatively (P=0.01) and at last follow up visit (P=0.04). Univariate analysis showed that glomerular and vascular abnormalities were each significantly associated with worsening renal function.

Conclusion: Our research suggests that abnormalities in non-neoplastic renal parenchyma found in renal specimens after RN should not be ignored as they may predict possible worse outcomes in renal function. This may help make a case for biopsy pre-operatively and a stronger case for nephron sparing surgery. This may also help determine which patients should be followed more closely postoperatively.


Implication for health policy/practice/research/medical education:

This work provides further validation to the American Urological Association recommendations regarding testing of nephrectomy specimens for medical renal disease. Additionally, our data suggest screening as early as the post-operative setting is warranted for patients to identify those with renal injury.

Please cite this paper as: Shaw NM, Hill FC, Bakios L, Krishnan J, Venkatesan K, Verghese M. Non-neoplastic pathologic findings in nephrectomy specimens; postoperative renal insufficiency and outcomes. J Renal Inj Prev. 2020; 9(1): e01. doi: 10.15171/jrip.2020.01.

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