Somayeh Sadeghi
1,2 
, Peiman Nasri
3,4 , Maryam Nasirian
2,5 , Maryam Sadat Mirenayat
6 , Arash Toghyani
7 , Mohammadsaeid Khaksar
8 , Elahe Nasri
2 , Ali Safaei
9 , Hamed Fakhim
2 , Elham Raofi
8 , Koorosh Nemati
10 , Hurie Hashemi
8 , Elaheh Keivany
8* 1 Acquired Immunodeficiency Research Center, Al-Zahra Hospital, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
2 Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
3 Metabolic Liver Disease Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
4 Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
5 Epidemiology and Biostatistics Department, Health School, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
6 Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research Center (CRDRC), National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
7 School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
8 Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
9 Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
10 Department of Clinical Toxicology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
Abstract
Introduction: The unrelenting storm of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) since late 2019 has turned into a crucial health matter of the globe. There is increasing evidence in terms of a hypercoagulable state by this infection.
Objectives: The current study aims to clarify the association between thromboembolic events in COVID-19 and the patient, the infection and in-hospital related characteristics.
Patients and Methods: The current case-control study has been conducted on 243 COVID-19 pneumonia patients including 83 cases with thrombotic events and 160 controls without thrombosis. The thrombotic events included deep venous thrombosis (DVT) (n=9), pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) (n=48), acute myocardial infarction (AMI) (n=17), cerebrovascular accidents (CVA) (n=4) and arterial thrombosis (n=5). On admission, hemodynamic parameters, on admission laboratory assessments, mobility during hospitalization, type of oxygenation, intensive care unit (ICU) admission requirement and duration of ICU and also hospital stay were recorded in the checklist.
Results: According to logistic regression assessment, on admission O2 saturation (OR: 0.97, 95% CI: 0.94-0.99), hemoglobin level (OR: 0.87, 95% CI: 0.77-0.97) and albumin level (OR: 0.53, 95% CI: 0.3-0.86) were independently correlated with thrombosis due to COVID-19. Other factors, including demographic, infection severity, laboratory and in-hospital characteristics, were not significantly associated with thrombotic events.
Conclusion: Based on this study’s findings, hemoglobin and albumin levels were the independent factors associated with the thrombotic events in COVID-19 patients.
Implication for health policy/practice/research/medical education:
The results of this study help physicians recognize the patients with COVID-19 pneumonia who are at increased risk of thromboembolic events and thus prevent their occurrence.
Please cite this paper as: Sadeghi S, Nasri P, Nasirian M, Mirenayat MS, Toghyani A, Khaksar M, Nasri E, Safaei A, Fakhim H, Raofi E, Nemati K, Hashemi H, Keivany E. On admission hemoglobin and albumin, as the two novel factors associated with thrombosis in COVID-19 pneumonia. J Renal Inj Prev. 2022; 11(2): 31957. doi: 10.34172/jrip.2022.31957.