Abstract
Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is rising sharply worldwide due to the increased
prevalence of its risk factors.
Objectives: To assess the prevalence of CKD and identify its associated factors in general
population of Yopougon (Côte d’ivoire).
Materials and Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted from 24th to
26th May 2016 in Yopougon municipality, which included each participant attending our
blood collection center voluntarily. CKD was defined by the presence of urinary abnormality
and/or an estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) below 90 mL/min/1.73 m2
. GFR was
estimated with the MDRD, CKD-EPI and Cockcroft-Gault formulas.
Results: We included 510 participants with average age of 43±14.5 years and female
predominance (sex ratio: 201/309=0.65). Comorbidities such as hypertension (47.1%), obesity
(22.7%), hypercholesterolemia (12.5%), HIV infection (7.1%) and diabetes 3.6%) were found.
The prevalence of CKD was 13% according to the MDRD formula, 11.2% according to CKDEPI
formula and 23.4% according to Cockcroft-Gault formula. In multivariate analysis,
factors such as female gender (odds ratio [OR]=1.15; 95% CI=1.07-1.23, P=0.0001), obesity
(OR=2.04; 95% CI=1.26-3.30; P=0.004) and hypertriglyceridemia (OR=1.95, 95% CI=1.05-
3.59, P=0.039) were associated with CKD.
Conclusion: The prevalence of CKD is high. Obesity, just like the usual risk factors, must be
managed for the prevention of CKD. The Cockcroft-Gault formula should no longer be used
to estimate the GFR in the general population.