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Submitted: 12 Nov 2018
Accepted: 02 Jan 2019
ePublished: 26 Jan 2019
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J Renal Inj Prev. 2019;8(2): 133-139.
doi: 10.15171/jrip.2019.25

Scopus ID: 85063775072
  Abstract View: 3584
  PDF Download: 1652

Original

The importance of serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin level in patients with lupus nephritis

 

Mohammad Reza Jafari Nakhjavani 1, Sima Abediazar 2*, Amir Ghorbanihaghjo 3, Behnaz Hanafizadeh 1, Sepideh Zununi Vahed 2, Tala Pourlak 1,2

1 Department of Rheumatology, Connective Tissue Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
2 Kidney Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
3 Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
*Corresponding Author: *Corresponding author: Prof. Sima Abediazar, Email:, Email: sima_abedi@yahoo.com

Abstract

Introduction: The neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) has emerged as a biomarker of renal damage.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the serum levels of NGAL (sNGAL) as a marker of disease activity in individuals with lupus nephritis (LN).

Patients and Methods: This study contained 50 systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) individuals with (n = 25) and without (n = 25) nephritis, and 39 healthy controls. The sNGAL levels were measured by ELISA. Renal function test, urinary parameters, lupus serology activity, and also calculated SLE disease activity index (SLEDAI) were analyzed to determine their associations with sNGAL.

Results: The results revealed that the SLE individuals with or without nephritis had a raised serum NGAL levels as compared to control subjects (P<0.001). Additionally, sNGAL levels in LN individuals were meaningfully higher compared to those in non-LN patients (P<0.001). Serum NGAL showed a significant correlation with the SLEDAI, serum creatinine, and 24-h urinary protein (P<0.05). More importantly, sNGAL had a significant positive correlation with the activity index of LN (r = 0.616, P=0.001). In the ROC curve analysis, the measurement of sNGAL level showed a good diagnostic performance for distinguishing individuals with LN from SLE patients without renal involvement with AUC=0.902 (P<0.001), 72% sensitivity, and 99% specificity. Moreover, sNGAL could identify all of SLE patients from controls with high accuracy, AUC= 0.99, P<0.001, with 99% sensitivity, and 97% specificity.

Conclusion: Serum NGAL had an association with clinical parameters and could discriminate LN from SLE patients without renal involvement. Our result suggests that serum NGAL can be used for early diagnosis of LN and identifying active LN. 


Implication for health policy/practice/research/medical education:

The knowledge of LN activity and the disease condition presents significant role in the treatment and prognosis of lupus patients. In the present study, we evaluated the diagnostic values of serum NGAL in serum samples of lupus patients with and without nephritis and healthy controls. In summary, the increased urinary NGAL but not its serum levels have been confirmed as a predictor of renal involvement in SLE and LN activity. We found that serum NGAL can also be a useful biomarker for the identification of renal involvement in SLE patients, LN activity and the discrimination of LN among SLE patients. Further studies should be conducted to support the results.

Please cite this paper as: Jafari Nakhjavani MR, Abediazar S, Ghorbanihaghjo A, Hanafizadeh B, Zununi Vahed S, Pourlak T. The importance of serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin level in patients with lupus nephritis. J Renal Inj Prev. 2019;8(2):133-139. doi: 10.15171/jrip.2019.25.

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