Abstract
Introduction: Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is one of the major causes of acute kidney
injury.
Objectives: Regarding an increase in mortality and morbidity in patients with CIN, this study
aimed to evaluate the effect of oxygen therapy in prevention of the CIN in individuals with acute
coronary syndrome undergoing emergent angiography.
Patients and Methods: This study was a double-blinded clinical trial with control group
(parallel design), randomized, and with a sample size of 204 individuals conducted on male or
female patients over 35 years old and suspected of coronary artery disease undergoing emergent
angiography refereed to Rasoul Akram hospital in 2018. Participants were divided into 2 groups
(supplementary oxygen and oxygen-free groups). The first group received two to three liters of
oxygen per minute from 10 minutes before the start of the procedure until the end of the procedure,
and the second group inhaled the oxygen in the room air. Arterial blood gas (ABG) was taken
prior to receiving oxygen and at the end of the procedure. Serum creatinine level was tested for all
individuals before and 48 hours after the procedure.
Results: The mean age in intervention and control groups was 61.66 ± 14.64 years and 60.49 ± 11.59
years, respectively (P=0.54). Mean glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and serum creatinine before
and after angiography was not significantly different (P>0.05). There was a significant difference
between the two genders regarding the development of CIN (P=0.002), which was higher in women
from that of men. Female gender was a strong risk factor and approximately increased four times
the risk of CIN (OR = 4.1; (P=0.001). History of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and hypertension
(HTN) also produced such a situation (OR = 22.37; P=0.007).
Conclusion: According to the results, oxygen therapy has no effect on the occurrence of CIN. It is
also found that female gender, history of CKD and hypertension are risk factors for CIN.